The schooleducationalsystem in Turkeyconsists of threedifferentstages, eachstage is 4 years, bringing the final total to 12 years of compulsoryeducation. The firststage is the primary (first, second, third, andfourth). The secondstage is intermediate/middleschool (fifth, sixth, seventh, andeighth). The laststage is secondary (ninth, tenth, eleventh, twelfth). As for the comprehensiveeducationalsystem, it consists of threestages, alsodividedinto (elementaryeducation, intermediateeducation, andhighereducation). 1- PrimaryEducation Primaryeducationconsists of the compulsoryelementarystage (4 years), middleschoolconsisting of electiveandcompulsorylessons, schools of imamsandpreachers (4 years). Preparatoryschools, schools of imams, andpreacherscontainvariousoptionallessonsaimed at preparingstudents for secondaryschoolbysupportingandhoningtheirtalents, choices, andorientations. 2- IntermadiateEducation Includesallcompulsorytechnical, practical, andpubliceducationalinstitutionswith a duration of 4 academicyears. Studentsreceive an educationalcertificateaftercompletingstudies in theseschools. Intermediateeducationconsists of schoolsthatspecialize in teachingcertainfieldswhilekeepingotherareas in a reduced form. Theseschoolsarecalleddifferentnamesaccording to theirspecializationssuch as highschools, technicalhighs, technicalagriculturalhighs, andothers. The middleeducationinstitutions in Turkey can be summarized as follows: High School Allstudentswhohavecompletedeightyears of primaryeducation can enterthesesecondaryschools. Aftercompleting 4-year studies, Turkishstudentsenter the exams "Transfer to HigherEducation YGS" and "Distribution to Universities LYS". Professional Secondary Schools Turkishstudents can entertechnicalinstitutesaftercompletingvocationalhighschoolswithouttakinganyexams. Technical secondaryschoolsaredividedintoprofessionaltechnicalsecondary, information, health, tourism, hotel management, education, andmarinetechnicalsecondary. The years of study in theseinstitutionsmayincreaseby an additionalyear.
Anadolu Lisesi High Schools Thesearesecondaryschools in whicheducationfocuses on foreignlanguages orrequiresentry to study for a preparatoryyear in a foreignlanguage. The number of studyhours is greaterthan the regularsecondaryschools, and it contains the option to study in a secondforeignlanguagesuch as Galatasaray High School, Anatolia High School in Kadi Koy, andIstanbul High School. Technical Sciences High School Thesearesecondaryschools for studentswithdistinctiveabilities in technicalsciencesItaims to qualifystudents to entertechnicalscienceuniversitiessuch as biology, chemistry, andothers. Imams and Preachers High Schools Theseare the secondaryschoolsopenedby the Ministry of Education. With the aim of creating a generationthatserves the Islamicreligion in the areas of publicspeakingandteaching the Qur'anandothers, to allowstudents to directlyprepare for employmentandhighereducation. FineArts High Schools Itwasopenedwith the aim of developing the capabilities of childrenwhohavedistinguishedtalents in the field of fine art since childhood. Private Schools It is alsocalled (Kolej), andsomecontain an educationalsystem in foreignlanguages in someareassuch as mathematicsandtechnicalsciences, andtheireducationalfeesareconsiderablyhighandadmission is moredifficultcompared to othereducationalinstitutions. Some of theseschoolsareforeign, such as "Robert Koleji", "Saint Joseph Lisesi", and Avusturya Lisesi, amongothers. 3- HigherEducation When studentsfinishtheireducation in secondaryschoolsandtheirequivalentschoolstheyhave the right to enterhighereducationinstitutions, and to enteruniversitiestheymusttake the ÖYSM and YGS and LYS examsattendedby the TurkishHigherEducationInstitution YÖK andobtain a certainscorethatqualifiesthem for that. After the TurkishHigherEducationInstitutedistributesstudents to differenthighereducationinstitutionsaccording to theirpointsandchoices, someuniversitiesrequirestudents to undergo the specialtalent test, but this requirementvariesaccording to the universityorcollege. As for foreignstudentswhowant to study in Turkey, the matter is different, as therearespecialseats, and the conditions for admissiondepend on the exams of theircentralcountriesandinternationaltests, such as QAT and AST, andthere is also a specialexam for foreigners in the name of Yus to enterTurkishuniversities. The highereducationsystem in Turkey is dividedintodifferentdepartmentsconsisting of universities, hightechnologyinstitutes, and the rest of the highereducationalinstitutes (such as the Military Academy and the Police Academy).
First Degree in LicentiateDegree (Ön Lisans Derecesi) Studentswhograduatedfromtechnicalsecondaryschools can enteruniversities / technicalinstituteswithoutanyexams, but for highschoolstudents to entertechnicaluniversitiestheymusttake the Transition to HigherEducationExam (YGS) andobtain a specificscoreaccording to the Technical University / Technical Institute. The duration of education in universities / technicalinstitutes is twoyears, andsomecontain a preparatoryyear in a foreignlanguage. Afterobtaining the firstdegreefromtheseinstitutions, students can enteruniversitiesaftertaking the DGS, whichenablesthem to obtain a collegedegreeafteronlytwoyears of study. Bachelor's Degree To obtain a bachelor’sdegree, a studentmustcomplete a 4-year education at the university. In colleges of medicine, dentistry, pharmacy, andveterinarymedicine, this periodvariesbetween 5 to 6 years. Master's Degree / Higher BachelorsDegree The master'sdegree is awarded to studentswhocompletetwoyears of education - somewith a graduatesearchandsomewithout a graduatesearch - a premium.